Rotational Kinematics/Dynamics

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Video Clips

Ball in Circular Well (8.01, Fall 1999)

Video RealVideo®
4:36 minutes (46:53 - 51:29)

Demonstration of failure of simple harmonic motion for ball in circular well; calculation of T does not agree with SHM.

Prior Knowledge: Oscillation in Circular Well II (32:46 of V13)
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Rotational Motion Analogies (8.01, Fall 1999)

Video RealVideo®
6:12 minutes (0:00 - 6:12)

Correspondence between rotational and linear motion; X->θ, v->ω, a->α, m->I.

Prior Knowledge: Uniform Circular Motion (beginning of V5)
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Calculating Moment of Inertia (8.01, Fall 1999)

Video RealVideo®
7:33 minutes (6:12 - 13:45)

Moments for disk, sphere, rod; parallel axis theorem; perpendicular axis theorem.

Prior Knowledge: Rotational Motion (beginning of V19)
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Flywheels (8.01, Fall 1999)

Video RealVideo®
7:07 minutes (13:45 - 20:52)

Conversion of linear KE to rotational KE; calculation of flywheel dimensions to store braking energy in car.

Prior Knowledge: Rotational Kinetic Energy
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Energy from Spindown (8.01, Fall 1999)

Video RealVideo®
8:49 minutes (20:52 - 29:41)

Conversion of rotational KE to linear KE from car flywheel; rotational KE of sun, earth and potential for use.

Prior Knowledge: Rotational Kinetic Energy
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Crab Pulsar (8.01, Fall 1999)

Video RealVideo®
11:05 minutes (29:41 - 40:46)

Decreasing period of Crab nebula; images of magnet flywheels, stroboscopic images of Crab, X-ray image from Chandra.

Prior Knowledge: Energy from Spindown (20:52 of V19)
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Acceleration of Pure Roll (8.01, Fall 1999)

Video RealVideo®
8:42 minutes (0:00 - 8:42)

Calculation of acceleration based on Newton's second law.

Prior Knowledge: Rotational Kinematics (beginning of V19)
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Dependence of Roll on Inertia (8.01, Fall 1999)

Video RealVideo®
5:22 minutes (8:42 - 14:04)

Proof that acceleration is independent of M, R; a for various geometries, with demonstration.

Prior Knowledge: Acceleration of a Pure Roll (beginning of V24)
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Review of Pure Roll (8.01, Fall 1999)

Video RealVideo®
10:18 minutes (36:29 - 46:47)

Acceleration of rolling down slope calculated; analysis of friction force and minimum μs for rolling.

Prior Knowledge: Rotational Kinematics (beginning of V19)
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Rolling Simple Harmonic Motion (8.01, Fall 1999)

Video RealVideo®
2:48 minutes (46:47 - 49:35)

Explanation of longer than expected period for ball rolling on circular track in simple harmonic motion using rotational energy.

Prior Knowledge: Ball in Circular Well (46:53 of V13), Rotational Kinematics (beginning of V19), Simple Harmonic Motion
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Lecture Notes

Document PDF#
Page 1

Summary of analogies between rotation and linear motion.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Rigid Body Kinematics (8.01, Fall 2003)

Document PDF - 1.6 MB#
Page 1 to page 2

Rotation about a fixed axis; definitions of angular velocity and angular acceleration; Right-hand rule; rotational motion with constant angular acceleration; relationship between angular velocity, linear velocity, and acceleration, with example.

Prior Knowledge: Lecture 17
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Rotational Inertia (8.01, Fall 2003)

Document PDF - 1.6 MB#
Page 3 to page 6

Definition of rotational kinetic energy, with example; definition of moment of inertia for a rigid body; moment of inertia example.

Prior Knowledge: Rigid Body Kinematics
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Rigid Body Dynamics (8.01, Fall 2003)

Document PDF - 1.7 MB#
Page 1 to page 6

Torque and force; angular momentum and torque; torque and angular momentum of a conical pendulum; torque and angular acceleration; rigid body angular acceleration, with examples; torque due to gravity, with examples; conservation of angular momentum.

Prior Knowledge: Lecture 22
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Rigid Body Dynamics Examples (8.01, Fall 2003)

Document PDF - 1.6 MB#
Page 1

Rotational dynamics examples, including particle on a string and spinning bicycle wheel.

Prior Knowledge: Lecture 23
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Document PDF - 1.6 MB#
Page 1 to page 6

Work-energy theorem in rotational motion, with examples; angular impulse, with example; decomposition of displacement into translation and rotation; rolling motion of cylinders and spheres.

Prior Knowledge: Lecture 23
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Rolling of Rigid Bodies (8.01, Fall 2003)

Document PDF - 1.3 MB#
Page 1 to page 5

Rolling motion of a rigid body, such as a cylinder or a sphere, with several examples; angular momentum and collisions, with example; gyroscope precession.

Prior Knowledge: Lecture 24
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Rigid Body Kinematics (8.01, Fall 2003)

Document PDF - 1.2 MB
Page 1 to page 10

Rotation about a fixed axis; definitions of angular velocity and angular acceleration; right-hand rule; rotational motion with constant angular acceleration; relationship between angular velocity, linear velocity, and acceleration, with example.

Prior Knowledge: Lecture 17
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Rotational Inertia (8.01, Fall 2003)

Document PDF - 1.2 MB
Page 11 to page 16

Definition of rotational kinetic energy, with example; definition of moment of inertia for a rigid body; table of rotational inertia values for various objects; moment of inertia example.

Prior Knowledge: Rigid Body Kinematics
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Rigid Body Dynamics (8.01, Fall 2003)

Document PDF
Page 1 to page 20

Torque and force; angular momentum and torque; torque and angular momentum of a conical pendulum; torque and angular acceleration; rigid body angular acceleration, with examples; torque due to gravity, with examples; conservation of angular momentum.

Prior Knowledge: Lecture 22
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Rigid Body Dynamics Examples (8.01, Fall 2003)

Document PDF
Page 1 to page 3

Rotational dynamics examples, including particle on a string and spinning bicycle wheel.

Prior Knowledge: Lecture 23
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Document PDF
Page 4 to page 19

Work-energy theorem in rotational motion, with examples; angular impulse, with example; decomposition of displacement into translation and rotation; rolling motion of cylinders and spheres.

Prior Knowledge: Lecture 23
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Rolling of Rigid Bodies (8.01, Fall 2003)

Document PDF
Page 1 to page 17

Rolling motion of a rigid body, such as a cylinder or a sphere, with several examples; angular momentum and collisions, with example; gyroscope precession.

Prior Knowledge: Lecture 24
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Rotational Kinematics (8.01L, Fall 2005)

Document PDF#
Page 1 to page 2

Vector associated with angular motion (right-hand rule); angular velocity and angular acceleration defined; tangential and radial acceleration defined; rolling without slipping.

Prior Knowledge: Linear Kinematics
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Torque (8.01L, Fall 2005)

Document PDF
Page 1 to page 2

Torque defined; conditions for rotational static equilibrium; torque and rotational dynamics; moment of inertia; parallel axis theorem.

Prior Knowledge: Rotational Kinematics
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Pendulums and Rotational Energy (8.01L, Fall 2005)

Document PDF
Page 1

Simple and physical pendulums defined, with equations for period; parallel axis theorem defined; kinetic energy of rotational motion; summary of linear and rotational dynamics.

Prior Knowledge: Torque
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Radial Acceleration (8.01T, Fall 2004)

Document PDF
Page 11 to page 20

Radial acceleration defined; magnitude of radial acceleration, including alternate forms; direction of radial acceleration; cylindrical coordinate system; vectorial description of circular motion; circular motion example problem.

Prior Knowledge: Circular Motion
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Experiment 4 (8.01T, Fall 2004)

Document PDF
Page 1 to page 14

Uniform circular motion experiment setup and procedure.

Prior Knowledge: Lecture 9
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Rotational Motion (8.01T, Fall 2004)

Document PDF
Page 15 to page 32

Rotation and translation of a rigid body; translational motion of the center of mass; fixed axis rotation; angular and tangential velocity and acceleration; tangential force and torque; moment of inertia; parallel axis theorem; strategy for calculating moment of inertia.

Prior Knowledge: Circular Motion, Torque, Integrals
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Rotational Dynamics (8.01T, Fall 2004)

Document PDF
Page 1 to page 17

Angular velocity and angular acceleration for fixed axis rotation; tangential velocity and tangential acceleration for fixed axis rotation; Newton's second law applied to rotating element; torque about a fixed axis; definition of moment of inertia; rotational work and rotational kinetic energy; rotational work-kinetic energy theorem; definition of rotational power.

Prior Knowledge: Rotational Motion
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Rotational Kinematics Review (8.01T, Fall 2004)

Document PDF
Page 9 to page 12

Fixed axis rotational kinematics, with definitions of angular velocity, angular acceleration, tangential velocity, tangential acceleration, and radial acceleration.

Prior Knowledge: Lectures 22, 24
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Rotational Dynamics Review (8.01T, Fall 2004)

Document PDF
Page 13 to page 26

Torque, rotational kinetic energy, moment of inertia, and rotational work defined; strategy for computing moment of inertia; translational and rotational kinematics/dynamics combined; kepler's Law for conservation of angular momentum.

Prior Knowledge: Lectures 24-27
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Practice Problems

Rotational Dynamics (8.01L, Fall 2005)

Document PDF
Problem 1

Angular acceleration as a function of moment of inertia; motion of a rolling wheel.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Rotational Dynamics and Energy (8.01L, Fall 2005)

Document PDF
Problem 1 to problem 2

Motion of a wheel rolling down an incline; potential and kinetic energy of various objects sliding or rolling down an incline.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Turntable (8.01T, Fall 2004)

Document PDF
Problem 30(2)

Frictional torque acting on a spinning uniform circular disc.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Stall Torque of Motor (8.01T, Fall 2004)

Document PDF
Problem 3

Calculating the stall torque and torque at maximum power of a motor.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Delivering Impulse to a Rod (8.01, Fall 1999)

Document PDF#
Problem 9

A rod is hit off-center; finding velocity, ω, position, and kinetic energy.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Rolling Yo-Yo (8.01, Fall 1999)

Document PDF#
Problem 10

A string wrapped around the inner part of a yo-yo is pulled; find direction of rolling.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Collision of Spinning Disks (8.01, Fall 1999)

Document PDF#
Problem 11

A spinning disk is pushed against a stationary one; decide on conservation of L, kinetic energy; find ω.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Two Blocks on Two Slopes (8.01, Fall 1999)

Document PDF#
Problem 7

Two blocks connected over pulley, on separate slopes; find α of pulley, a, and T.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Landing Aircraft (8.01, Fall 1999)

Document PDF#
Problem 9

Explaining transition from skidding to rolling of plane wheels on touchdown.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Exam Questions

Unrolling Spool of Wire (8.01, Fall 2003)

Document PDF#
Problem 2

5-part problem; finding moment of inertia, frictional force, acceleration, angular acceleration, and kinetic energy.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Rigid Rotor (8.01, Fall 2003)

Document PDF#
Problem 2

4-part problem; finding center of mass, moment of inertia of rotor; α from gravity and ω at vertical.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Dropping Yo-Yo (8.01, Fall 2003)

Document PDF#
Problem 3

Acceleration, angular acceleration, and tension in string of yo-yo.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Glancing Collision (8.01, Fall 2003)

Document PDF#
Problem 4

Straight rod brushes against fixed object; finding ω, kinetic energy, speeds of both ends after collision.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Angular Acceleration (8.01L, Fall 2005)

Document PDF
Problem 8

Motion of a hinged bar falling from rest.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Gyroscope (8.01L, Fall 2005)

Document PDF
Problem 10

Angular velocity and torques of a spinning gyroscope.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Gyroscope (8.01L, Fall 2005)

Document PDF
Problem 10

Angular velocity and torques of a spinning gyroscope.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Colliding Rotating Washers (8.01X, Fall 2002)

Document PDF#
Problem 1

5-part problem; initial L and kinetic energy of washer, frictional torque, final ω of washers, average τ in collision.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Document PDF#
Problem 3

Calculating ω and kinetic energy for bowling ball when it begins to roll; loss of KE.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Falling Pulley (8.01X, Fall 2002)

Document PDF#
Problem 4

6-part problem; for pulley connected to ceiling by string, finding equations of motion, a, falling time, and tension.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Merry-Go-Round (8.01X, Fall 2002)

Document PDF#
Problem 7

6-part problem; calculating α, ω, power exerted on merry-go-round; ω and kinetic energy after I changes.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Torque and Moment of Inertia (8.01T, Fall 2004)

Document PDF
Problem 1c

Angular accelerations resulting from torques applied to two wheels.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Rolling Without Slipping (8.01T, Fall 2004)

Document PDF
Problem 1e

Velocities of points on a rolling wheel.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Document PDF
Problem 3

Rotational and translational motion of a descending yo-yo.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Rolling Cylinder (8.01T, Fall 2004)

Document PDF
Problem 4

Rotational and translational motion of a solid cylinder thrown along a wooden floor.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Angular Dynamics (8.01T, Fall 2004)

Document PDF
Problem B3

Motion of a rotating merry-go-round, before and after children move to the center.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Elastic Collision (8.01T, Fall 2004)

Document PDF
Problem 2

Elastic collision between two carts and motion of a cart up an inclined plane.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Rolling Wheel (8.01T, Fall 2004)

Document PDF
Problem 4

Translational and rotational kinematics and dynamics of a bicycle wheel.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Sliding Block and Pulley (8.01, Fall 1999)

Document PDF#
Problem 1

4-part friction and rotational kinematics problem; drawing a free-body diagram, calculating tensions, and finding unknown mass.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Oscillating Disk (8.01, Fall 1999)

Document PDF#
Problem 3

5-part rotational dynamics problem; finding τ, I, equation of motion, T, and force at pin.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Apple on a String (8.01, Fall 1999)

Document PDF#
Problem 5

5-part rotational dynamics problem; apple revolves on a string at an angle to the horizontal; finding v, ac, ω, α.

Prior Knowledge: None
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Rolling Bowling Ball (8.01, Fall 1999)

Document PDF#
Problem 10

Finding acceleration of bowling ball rolling in accelerating subway car.

Prior Knowledge: None
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MIT courses referenced in this section: