New courses in Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Scienceshttp://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/index.htm2008-04-29MIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduen-USContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmFocuses on element distribution in rocks and minerals using data obtained from natural and experimental systems. Emphasizes models describing trace-element partitioning and applications of trace-element geochemistry to problems in igneous geology.http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-479Fall-2006/CourseHome/index.htmFrey, Frederick2008-04-03T06:03:14-04:0012.479en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesGeochemistry and Petrologysimple melt-solid systemspartition coefficientmeltmineraligneous rockstrace element geochemistryMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmThis course is designed for advanced undergraduate and graduate students with an interest in using primary research literature to discuss and learn about current research around sulfur biogeochemistry and astrobiology. http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-491Fall-2007/CourseHome/index.htmOno, ShuheiSummons, Roger2008-03-06T11:50:16-05:0012.491en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesGeochemistrysulfur metabolismssulfidic oceanssulfur isotope biosignaturesorganic diagenesissulfur cyclessulfur isotopeastrobiologybiogeochemistryMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmAn introduction to chemical oceanography. Reservoir models and residence time. Major ion composition of seawater. Inputs to and outputs from the ocean via rivers, the atmosphere, and the sea floor. Biogeochemical cycling within the oceanic water column and sediments, emphasizing the roles played by the formation, transport, and alteration of oceanic particles and the effects that these processes have on seawater composition. Cycles of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, oxygen, and sulfur. Uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide by the ocean. Material presented through lectures and student-led presentation and discussion of recent papers.http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-742Fall-2006/CourseHome/index.htmDoney, Scott Toole, DierdreTivey, MegCasciotti, KarenMartin, William2008-03-28T01:11:37-04:0012.742en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesWater, Wetlands, and Marine Resources Managementsediment chemistrycarbon dioxidesulfurphosphorusnitrogenoxygencarbonocean particle transportseawater compositionocean particleswater column processesbiogeochemical cyclingchemical oceanographyMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmIn this year's Geodynamics Seminar, we will explore the depth and breadth of scientific research related to Earth's present and past ice-sheets, glaciers and sea-ice, as well as extraterrestrial planetary ice. Invited speakers have been chosen from experts in the current frontiers in ice-related research, including planetary ice, climate records from polar and tropical ice cores, the Snowball Earth, subglacial volcanoes, ice rheology, ice sheet modeling, ice microkinetics, glacial erosion and tectonics, subglacial life and polar remote sensing. A field trip to Iceland in Summer 2006 will allow us to view some of the island's ice caps and glacial geology, the exposed mid Atlantic Ridge and evidence of ice-volcano interactions.http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-753Spring-2006/CourseHome/index.htmBice, Karen2007-11-09T04:31:15-05:0012.753en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesGeology/Earth Science, Generalextraterrestrial planetary icesea-iceglacierspresent and past ice-sheetsmid-atlantic ridgeglacial geologyicelandsubglacial life and polar remote sensingglacial erosion and tectonicsice microkineticsice sheet modelingice rheologysubglacial volcanoesSnowball Earthclimate records: polar and tropical ice coresplanetary iceice-related researchMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmThe Earth's crust is primarily composed of melting products from mantle plumes and mid-ocean ridges - both presently and over the course of Earth history. While both systems represent upwelling features in a convective mantle, they can be viewed as end-member systems in that plumes represent buoyant flow whereas mid-ocean ridges represent passive corner flow. This paradigm is not strict - flow beneath ridges may be buoyant in some places, for example, but it does provide a reasonable framework for enquiry. Plumes and ridges can be studied independently, but in many places across the globe the systems interact, often in intriguing fashion. The nature of these interactions provides an opportunity to improve our understanding of both systems, and provides new perspectives on the mantle, crustal, and water column processes associated converting heat from the Earth's interior into new crust, hydrothermal flow, and biological communities on the seafloor. The approach taken for the 2001 Plume-Ridge Interactions Seminar series was to start with basic ideas about mantle convection and tectonics, and an overview of the global hotspot and ridge systems. We then addressed three case studies of plume-ridge interactions in detail. Our first case was the interaction of the. Each of these systems provides a different perspective on the nature of plume-ridge interactions, and by comparison and contrast we are able to distill the fundamental aspects out of the complex array of geophysical and geochemical data associated with plume-ridge systems.http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-753Spring-2001/CourseHome/index.htmSohn, Robert 2007-11-09T04:27:38-05:0012.753en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesGeology/Earth Science, Generalseafloor biological communitieshydrothermal flownew crustwater column processescrustmantleplume ridge interactionJuan de Fuca RidgeCobb PlumeGalapagos Spreading CenterGalapagos plumeNorthern Mid-Atlantic RidgeIceland plumeMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmSurvey of the important aspects of modern sediments and ancient sedimentary rocks. Emphasis is on fundamental materials, features, and processes. Textures of siliciclastic sediments and sedimentary rocks: particle size, particle shape, and particle packing. Mechanics of sediment transport. Survey of siliciclastic sedimentary rocks: sandstones, conglomerates, and shales. Carbonate sediments and sedimentary rocks; cherts; evaporites. Siliciclastic and carbonate diagenesis. Paleontology, with special reference to fossils in sedimentary rocks. Modern and ancient depositional environments. Stratigraphy. Sedimentary basins. Fossil fuels: coal, petroleum.http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-110Spring-2007/CourseHome/index.htmSouthard, John2007-11-07T11:36:40-05:0012.110en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesGeochemistry and Petrologypetroleum.coalfossil fuelssedimentary basinsstratigraphydepositional environmentspaleontologyevaporiteschertscarbonate rocksshalesconglomeratessandstonessediment transportsiliciclastic rockssedimentary rockssedimentsMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmIn this year's seminar, we will embark on a scientific journey through some of the most controversial topics about the origin and formation of our home planet. This journey will take us to other planetary bodies - even to other solar systems - as we immerse ourselves in observations and theories from the microscopic to the universe scale.http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-753Spring-2005/CourseHome/index.htmMontesi, Laurent2007-11-07T01:00:45-05:0012.753en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesGeology/Earth Science, GeneralgeodynamicsOntarioincluding early atmosphere and oceansand theories of formation and evolution of planetsthermodynamics and tracers of living organismsgeology of other planetsmeteoritesMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmhttp://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-090Spring-2007/CourseHome/index.htmSouthard, John 2007-11-06T11:31:11-05:0012.090en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmhttp://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-759Spring-2006/CourseHome/index.htmMooy, Benjamin VanRepeta, Daniel2007-11-26T11:14:18-05:0012.759en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmProvides an understanding of the distribution of organic carbon (OC) in marine sediments from a global and molecular-level perspective. Surveys the mineralization and preservation of OC in the water column and within anoxic and oxic marine sediments. Topics include: OC composition, reactivity and budgets within, and fluxes through, major reservoirs; microbial recycling pathways for OC; models for OC degradation and preservation; role of anoxia in OC burial; relationships between dissolved and particulate (sinking and suspended) OC; methods for characterization of sedimentary organic matter; application of biological markers as tools in oceanography. Both structural and isotopic aspects are covered.http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-746Spring-2005/CourseHome/index.htmEglinton, TimothyRepeta, Daniel2007-11-26T11:14:03-05:0012.746en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciencesoceanographybiological markerssedimentary organic matterdissolvedOC burialanoxiapreservationdegradationmicrobial recycling pathwaysmajor reservoirsOCpreservationmineralizationmolecular-level perspectiveglobalmarine sedimentsorganic carbondistributionorganic geochemistryMarineMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmThe laws of classical mechanics and thermodynamics are used to explore how the properties of fluids on a rotating Earth manifest themselves in, and help shape, the global patterns of atmospheric winds, ocean currents, and the climate of the Earth. Theoretical discussion focuses on the physical processes involved. Underlying mechanisms are illustrated through laboratory demonstrations, using a rotating table, and through analysis of atmospheric and oceanic data.http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-003Fall-2007/CourseHome/index.htmMarshall, John2007-11-21T11:39:13-05:0012.003en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesAtmospheric Physics and Dynamicsthermohaline circulationAbyssal circulationinhomogeneitygeostrophic and hydrostatic balancesalinityseawateroceanHadley circulationRossby numberCoriolis forceEkman layerTaylor-Proudman TheoremGeostrophic motionradial inflowcompressible flowIncompressible flowHydrostatic balanceFluids in motionWindsPressure and geopotential heightTemperatureConvective cloudsHumidityadiabatic lapse rateConvectionpressure and densityAtmospheric layersgreenhouse gasesgreenhouse effectglobal energy balanceCharacteristics of the atmosphereMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmThis course presents the phenomena, theory, and modeling of turbulence in the Earth's oceans and atmosphere. The scope ranges from centimeter to planetary scale motions. The regimes of turbulence include homogeneous isotropic three dimensional turbulence, convection, boundary layer turbulence, internal waves, two dimensional turbulence, quasi-geostrophic turbulence, and macroturbulence in the ocean and atmosphere.http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-820Spring-2006/CourseHome/index.htmFerrari, RaffaeleFlierl, Glenn R.Flierl, Glenn2007-11-02T03:00:39-04:0012.82012.822en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesAtmospheric Physics and Dynamicsinternal wavesstably stratified flowsboundary layersconvectionshear flowsgeostrophic motionshomogeneous flowsplanetary scale motionsfine structureatmosphereoceansphenomena, theory, and modeling of turbulenceMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmThis course presents the phenomena, theory, and modeling of turbulence in the Earth's oceans and atmosphere. The scope ranges from centimeter to planetary scale motions. The regimes of turbulence include homogeneous isotropic three dimensional turbulence, convection, boundary layer turbulence, internal waves, two dimensional turbulence, quasi-geostrophic turbulence, and macroturbulence in the ocean and atmosphere.http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-820Spring-2006/CourseHome/index.htmFerrari, RaffaeleFlierl, Glenn R.Flierl, Glenn2007-11-02T03:00:39-04:0012.82012.822en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesAtmospheric Physics and Dynamicsinternal wavesstably stratified flowsboundary layersconvectionshear flowsgeostrophic motionshomogeneous flowsplanetary scale motionsfine structureatmosphereoceansphenomena, theory, and modeling of turbulenceMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmThis course presents the phenomena, theory, and modeling of turbulence in the Earth's oceans and atmosphere. The scope ranges from centimeter to planetary scale motions. The regimes of turbulence include homogeneous isotropic three dimensional turbulence, convection, quasi-geotropic turbulence, shallow water turbulence, baroclinic turbulence, macro turbulence in the ocean and atmosphere.http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-820Spring-2007/CourseHome/index.htmFerrari, RaffaeleFlierl, Glenn2007-11-02T02:59:43-04:0012.820en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesEngineering ScienceGeological/Geophysical Engineeringinternal wavesstably stratified flowsboundary layersconvectionshear flowsgeostrophic motionshomogeneous flowsplanetary scale motionsfine structureatmosphereoceansand modeling of turbulencetheoryphenomenaMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htm