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Session Overview
| Modules |
Structure of the Atom |
| Concepts |
atomic spectra of hydrogen, matter/energy interactions involving atomic hydrogen, planetary model, Bohr's postulates, quantum condition, ionization energy, electron orbital transitions |
| Keywords |
angstrom, Avogadro's number, prism, refraction, wavelength, nanometer, Johann Balmer, wavenumber, Michael Faraday, cathode, anode, electron-volt, Bohr radius, ground state, ionization energy, energy level, conservation of energy, atomic spectra, Cecilia Payne, Ernest Rutherford, joule, coulomb, Max Planck, Planck's constant, emission spectra, spectrograph, electrode, photon, volt, radiation |
| Chemical Substances |
hydrogen (H), helium (He), lithium (Li) |
| Applications |
chemical analysis, analyzing composition of stars, television |
Prerequisites
Before starting this session, you should be familiar with:
Looking Ahead
Prof. Sadoway discusses the shell model and quantum numbers (Session 5).
Learning Objectives
After completing this session, you should be able to:
- Describe how the atomic spectra of hydrogen is produced.
- Explain why the radius of the electron orbital takes multiple values that are discrete, quantized, and non-linear.
- Define the Bohr radius.
- Calculate the energy of an electron in the ground state of hydrogen.
- Explain trends in ionization energy across the periodic table.
- Describe the ground state of the gas phase atom.
Reading
Archived Lecture Notes #1 (PDF), Sections 3, 5
| Book Chapters |
Topics |
| [A&E] 6.3, "Atomic Spectra and Models of the Atom." |
Line spectra; the Bohr model; uses of emission and absorption spectra |
Lecture Video
Resources
Lecture Slides (PDF - 1.3MB)
Transcript (PDF)
Lecture Summary
This lecture gives more details about the atomic spectra of hydrogen along with matter/energy interactions involving atomic hydrogen.
Prof. Sadoway discusses the following:
- Bohr model
- Energy levels
- Stimulated emissions
- Photons
Homework
Problems (PDF)
Solutions (PDF)
Textbook Problems
| [A&E] Sections |
Conceptual |
Numerical |
| [A&E] 6.3, "Atomic Spectra and Models of the Atom." |
none |
1, 3 |
For Further Study
Textbook Study Materials
See the [A&E] companion website from Pearson for PowerPoint outlines of each chapter, plus online quizzes, interactive graphs and 3D molecular animations:
Supplemental Readings
Payne-Gaposchkin, Cecilia H. Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin: An Autobiography and Other Recollections. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1996. ISBN: 9780521482516.
Baade, W., and Cecilia Payne. Evolution of Stars and Galaxies. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1963.
Payne-Gaposchkin, Cecilia H. Stars and Clusters. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1979. ISBN: 9780674834408.
How Atoms Work
People
Niels Bohr - 1922 Nobel Prize in Physics
Max Planck - 1918 Nobel Prize in Physics
Johann Balmer
Amedeo Avogadro
Michael Faraday
Cecilia Payne
Ernest Rutherford - 1908 Nobel Prize in Chemistry
Anders Jonas Ångström
James Prescott Joule
Charles-Augustin de Coulomb
Alessandro Volta
Other OCW and OER Content
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