Readings

SES # TOPICS READINGS
1 Introduction No readings.
2 Strategy and strategic culture

Beaufre, Andre. An Introduction to Strategy. Santa Barbara, CA: Praeger, 1966, pp. 19-50.

Collins, John. Grand Strategy: Principles and Practices. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1974, pp. 4-43.

Posen, Barry. “Explaining Military Doctrine.” In Sources of Military Doctrine: France, Britain, and Germany Between the World Wars. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1986. ISBN: 9780801494277.

U.S. Army War College Guide to Strategy. Edited by Dr. Joseph R. Cerami and Colonel James F. Holcomb, Jr. Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies Institute, 2001. Chapters 6, 7, and Appendix. (PDF - 2.0MB)

Johnston, Alistair Iain. Cultural Realism: Strategic Culture and Grand Strategy in Chinese History. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1998. Chapter 1. ISBN: 9780691002392.

Gray, Colin S. “Strategic Culture as Context: The First Generation Of Theory Strikes Back.” Review of International Studies 25, no. 1 (1999): 49-69.

Fairbank, John K. “Introduction: Varieties of the Chinese Military Experience.” In Chinese Ways in Warfare. Written by Frank A. Kierman, Jr. and John K. Fairbanks. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1974, pp. 1-16. ISBN: 9780674125759.

Dreyer, Edward L. “Continuity and Change.” In A Military History of China. Edited and written by David Graff and Robin Hingham. Jackson, TN: Westview, 2002, pp. 19-38. ISBN: 9780813339900.

3 Ancient Chinese thought

Nivison, David Shepherd. “The Classical Philosophical Writings.” In The Cambridge History of Ancient China: From the Origins of Civilization to 221. B.C. Michael Loewe and Edward L. Shaughnessy. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1999, pp. 745-812. ISBN: 9780521470308.

Ames, Roger T., and Henry Rosemont, Jr. The Analects of Confucius: A Philosophical Translation. New York, NY: Ballantine Books, 1999. ISBN: 9780345434074.

Chin, Annping. The Authentic Confucius: A Life of Thought and Politics. New York, NY: Scribner, 2007. ISBN: 9780743246187.

4 Sun Zi and the Art of War

Sawyer, Ralph D. (Translator). The Seven Military Classics of Ancient China. Jackson, TN: Basic Books, 2007, pp. 1-18 and 145-186. ISBN: 9780465003044.

Tzu, Sun and Roger T. Ames. The Art of Warfare. New York, NY: Ballantine Books, 1993, pp. 32-96 and 173-196. ISBN: 9780345362391.

Tzu Sun. The Art of War: The Denma Translation. Boston, MA: Shambhala, 2002, pp. 1-65 and 125-224. ISBN: 9781570629044.

———. The Art of War. Translated by Samuel B. Griffith. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1971, pp. 39-44. ISBN: 9780195014761.

5 Six Secret Teachings, Wu Tzu and Wei Liao-tzu Sawyer, Ralph D. (Translator). The Seven Military Classics of Ancient China. Jackson, TN: Basic Books, 2007, pp. 19-106 and 187-276. ISBN: 9780465003044.
6 Romance of the Three Kingdoms Guanzhong, Luo. Three Kingdoms. Translated by Moss Roberts. Beijing, China: Foreign Languages Press, 2005. ISBN: 9787119005904.
7 Commentaries on the Art of War and Deception

Liang, Zhuge, Liu Ji. Mastering the Art of War. Translated by Thomas Cleary. Boston, MA: Shambhala, 1989, pp. 33-134. ISBN: 9780877735137.

Sawyer, Ralph D. The Tao of Deception: Unorthodox Warfare in Historic and Modern China. Jackson, TN: Basic Books, 2007, pp. 3-162, skim 163-322. ISBN: 9780465072057.

8 Mao Zedong: Thought

Mao Zedong in Selected Military Writings:

Starr, John Bryan. Continuing the Revolution: The Political Thought of Mao. Princeton, NJ: 1979, pp. 3-45. ISBN: 9780691021898.

Johnston, Alastair Iain. “Cultural Realism and Strategy in Maoist China.” In The Culture of National Security: Norms and Identity in World Politics. Edited by Peter J. Katzenstein. New York, NY: Columbia University Press, 1996, pp. 216-270. ISBN: 9780231104692.

9 Mao Zedong: Practice

Boylan, Edward S. “Chinese Cultural Style of Warfare.” Comparative Strategy 3, no. 4 (1982): 341-364.

Whiting, Allen S. “China’s Use of Force, 1950-96, and Taiwan.” International Security 26, no. 2 (Fall 2001): 103-131.

Finkelstein, David, Michael McDevitt, and Mark Ryan. “Patterns of Chinese Warfighting.” In Chinese Warfighting: The PLA Experience Since 1949. Armonk, NY: M.E. Shapre, Inc., 2003, pp. 3-22. ISBN: 9780765610874.

Adelman, Jonathan R., and Shih Chih-yu. Symbolic War: The Chinese Use of Force, 1840-1980. Taipei City, Taiwan: Institute of International Relations, National Cheng-chi University, 1993, pp. 21-37. ISBN: 9789579368230.

Mott, William H., and Jae Chang Kim. The Philosophy of Chinese Military Culture. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007, pp. 16-42. ISBN: 9781403971876.

Korea

Christensen, Thomas J. Useful Adversaries: Grand Strategy, Domestic Mobilization, and Sino-American Conflict, 1947-1958. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1996, pp. 148-176. ISBN: 9780691026374.

Scobell, Andrew. China’s Use of Military Force. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge, University Press, 2003. Chapter 4. ISBN: 9780521525855.

Soviet Union

Goldstein, Lyle. “Return to Zhenbao Island: Who Started Shooting and Why it Matters.” The China Quarterly 168, (2001): 985-997.

Fravel, M. Taylor. Strong Borders, Secure Nation: Cooperation and Conflict in China’s Territorial Disputes. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2008, Chapter 4. ISBN: 9780691136097.

10 Contemporary China: Military strategy

Godwin, Paul. “From Continent to Periphery: PLA Doctrine, Strategy, and Capabilities Toward 2000.” The China Quarterly 146 (June 1996): 464-487.

Nan, Li. “The PLAs Evolving Warfighting Doctrine, Strategy and Tactics, 1985-1995: A Chinese Perspective.” The China Quarterly 146 (June 1996): 443-463.

Peng, Guangqian, and Yao Youzhi. The Science of Military Strategy [Zhanlue Xue]. The China Quarterly 189, no. 1. (2007): 194-196. Chapters 1, 3, 9, 10, and 20-24.

Wang, Houqing, and Zhang Xingye. The Science of Campaigns [Zhanyi Xue]. Washington, DC: National Defense University, 2000. Chapters 3 and 16.

Jijun, Li. “Traditional Military Thinking and the Defensive Strategy of China.” Letort Paper No. 1. United States War College, August 29, 1997. (PDF)

11 Contemporary China: Grand strategy

Goldstein, Avery. Rising to the Challenge: China’s Grand Strategy and International Security. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press, 2005. ISBN: 9780804752183.

Saunders, Philip. “Chinas Global Activism: Strategy, Drivers, and Tools.” Institute for National Strategic Studies, Occasional Paper 4. Washington, DC: National Defense University, October 2006. (PDF - 2.0MB)

Chinas National Defense in 2008. State Council Information Office, 2009.

Sawyer, Ralph D. The Tao of Deception: Unorthodox Warfare in Historic and Modern China. Jackson, TN: Basic Books, 2007. pp. 375-401. ISBN: 9780465072057.

12 Assessing China’s strategic culture

Johnston, Alastair Iain. Cultural Realism: Strategic Culture and Grand Strategy in Chinese History. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1998. Chapters 2, 3, 6, and 7. ISBN: 9780465072057.

Handel, Michael. Masters of War, Sun Tzu, Clausewitz and Jomin. London, UK: Frank Cass, 1992. ISBN: 9780714634760.

Scobell, Andrew. China and Strategic Culture (PDF). Carlisle, PA: Strategic Studies Institute, May 2002, pp. 1-27.

Lantis, Jeffrey S. “Strategic Culture and National Security Policy.” International Studies Review 4, no. 3 (2002): 87-113.

Sawyer, Ralph. “Chinese Warfare: The Paradox of the Unlearned Lesson.” American Diplomacy 4, no. 4 (1999).