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HAOHSIANG LIAO: In
a second culture,

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you have a couple roles to play.

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I'll give like five levels.

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You can be a tourist and
you can be an observer.

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And you can be a participant,
and you can be a contributor,

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and you can be a shareholder.

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And I always ask my students,
ask yourself, what kind of role

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you want to play in
a second culture.

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And that will also
guide you through when

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you are learning how to do these
kind of things with a language.

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And our goal here for Chinese 1
and Chinese 2 until Chinese 4,

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we really-- we really
push our students

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hard to the level at
least to be participants.

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What is a tourist?

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I mean, being a
tourist is totally OK.

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So, for example,
when you go to China,

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you see so many cars and
the air is really bad.

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And so you say, as a tourist,
that the air is so bad.

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An utterance like that
would not get you too far

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in communications.

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But if you can start
to be observer,

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for example, so you observe
what are the reasons

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involved and start to give
you some time and absorb them.

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Then the next--
then the next level

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is you can start to
participate in the discussions

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so that the words
coming from your mouth,

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they're much more
sophisticated-- they're

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much more sophisticated, so that
the native speakers would have

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the interest to speak with you.

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So those are the five
roles that I always

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encourage students to think
about what kind of role

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you want to play in
the second culture.

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And that would,
for the most part,

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determine your efforts
when you-- when

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you're learning a language.

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It can be applied in
many, many aspects.

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If today, the issue is
really about a [INAUDIBLE],

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for example, the
structure's not right.

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I always-- I
always-- I always ask

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my students, what
if, what would you

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react if a native--
if a foreigner speaks

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to you with English like, "I
go to the park yesterday."

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What would you react?

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Think about a
sentence like this.

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His beat-- his beat is
not-- it's not fluency.

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And he has some
grammatical errors.

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How would you react?

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You can still react
without any difficulties,

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because you understand.

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But think about that
if you have to interact

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with this person for 30 minutes.

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What is your [? maximum? ?]
And that would also

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become the motivation to
work on your language forms,

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that's for sure.

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Second thing is,
there would also--

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there was-- that
will also give us

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the opportunity to think
about what kind of level.

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And the level
we're talking about

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includes cultural competence and
language proficiency that when

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you push yourself to be.

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But I will state that as long
as you put in the efforts,

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it's always rewarding.

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It's always rewarding.

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And I'm very happy to
state that our students,

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they are usually--
they're usually

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very good at this regard.

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They usually find
a lot of resources

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either on campus or the
greater Boston community,

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to interact with
the-- to interact

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with the speakers of Chinese.