Development, Planning, and Implementation: The Dialectic of Theory and Practice

Readings

LEC #	TOPICS	READINGS
1	Introduction—The rationale for the course: why is it important to understand the difference between conventional theories and actual outcomes	Required Readings: Hack, G. (2015). “Designing Cities and the Academy.” Journal of the American Planning Association, 81(3), 221-229.  Friedmann, J. (2002). “A Life in Planning.” In The Prospect of Cities. U of Minnesota Press. – Ch 7. ISBN: 9780816638840. Optional Readings: Hirschman, A. O. (1995). A Propensity to Self-Subversion. Harvard University Press. – Ch 5. ISBN: 9780674715585.
2	Overview of conventional theories of development, planning, and implementation	Required Readings: Rostow, W. W. (1959). “The Stages of Economic Growth.” The Economic History Review, 12(1), 1. Lewis, A. (1951). “Measures for the Economic Development of Under-Developed Countries.” United Nations, New York. Optional Readings:  Meier, G. (1984) Introduction. In Meier, G. M., & Seers, D. (Eds.). Pioneers in Development (Vol. 375). New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN: 9780195205428. Rosenstein-Rodan, P. N. (1943). “Problems of Industrialisation of Eastern and South-Eastern Europe.” The Economic Journal, 202-211. Weintraub, D. (1948). “International Approaches to Economic Development of Undeveloped Areas.” The Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly, 260-268. Sutcliffe, R. B. (1964). “Balanced and Unbalanced Growth.” The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 78 (4), 621-640.
3	One modernity or multiple modernities?	Required Readings: Mazlish, B. (1963). “The Idea of Progress.” Daedalus, 92 (3), 447-461. Scott, J. C. (1998). “Authoritarian High Modernism.” In Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed, Yale University Press, 87-102. ISBN: 9780300078152. Optional Readings:  Ferguson, J. (2005). “Decomposing Modernity: History and Hierarchy after Development.” In Anna Loomba et al. (Eds).  Postcolonial Studies and Beyond, Duke University Press, 166-181. ISBN: 978082235238.  Eisenstadt, S. N. (2000). “Multiple Modernities.” Daedalus, 129 (1).  Geertz, C. (1996). “Modernities.” In Geertz, C.  After the Fact: Two Countries, Four Decades, One Anthropologist. Harvard University Press. ISBN: 9780674008724.   Inkeles, A., & Smith, D. H. (1974). Becoming Modern: Individual Change in Six Developing Countries. Harvard University Press. – Ch. 2. ISBN: 9780674063761.
4	Assessment of development and planning efforts: what has worked and what has not?	Required Readings: Hirschman, A. O. (1986). “In Defense of Possibilism.” Rival Views of Market Society and Other Recent Essays. Harvard University Press. ISBN: 9780674773035.  Tendler, J. (1997). Introduction. Good Government in the Tropics. Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN: 9780801860928.  Optional Readings: Hall, P., & Tewdwr-Jones, M. (2010). “Planning, Planners, and Plans.” In Urban and Regional Planning. Routledge. ISBN: 9780415566544.  Sen, A. (2001). “Market, State, and Social Opportunity in Development.” In Development as Freedom. Oxford University Press. ISBN: 9780195655261.
5	Bottom-up versus top-down development?	Required Readings: Tendler, J. (1989). “What Ever Happened to Poverty Alleviation?” World Development, 17(7), 1033-1044. Evans, P. B., Rueschemeyer, D., & Skocpol, T. (1985). Bringing the State Back In. Cambridge University Press. – Ch 2. ISBN: 9780521313131.  Optional Readings:  Robertson, A. F. (1984). People and the State: An Anthropology of Planned Development. Cambridge University Press. – Ch 2. ISBN: 9780521319485.  Peattie, L. (1990). “Planning: Rethinking Ciudad Guayana.” In Planning: Rethinking Ciudad Guayana. University of Michigan Press. ISBN: 9780472080694.
6	Comprehensive versus incremental planning	Required Readings: Andrews, M., Pritchett, L., & Woolcock, M. (2013). “Escaping Capability Traps Through Problem Driven Iterative Adaptation (PDIA).” Working Paper 299. World Development, 51, 234-244. Altshuler, A. (1965). “The Goals of Comprehensive Planning.” Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 31(3), 186-195. Optional Readings:  Medina, E. (2011). Cybernetic Revolutionaries: Technology and Politics in Allende’s Chile. MIT Press. Intro + Ch 7. ISBN: 9780262525961.  Lindblom, C. E. (1959). “The Science of ‘Muddling Through’.” Public Administration Review, 19 (2), 79-88.
7	Under what conditions do public sector institutions perform well?	Required Readings: Grindle, M. S., & Hilderbrand, M. E. (1995). “Building Sustainable Capacity in the Public Sector: What Can Be Done?” Public Administration & Development (1986-1998), 15(5), 441. Roll, M. (Ed.). (2014). The Politics of Public Sector Performance: Pockets of Effectiveness in Developing Countries. Routledge. ISBN: 9781138956391.  Optional Readings: Pires, R. R. C. (2011). “Beyond the Fear of Discretion: Flexibility, Performance, and Accountability in the Management of Regulatory Bureaucracies.” Regulation & Governance. Volume 5, Issue 1, pages 43–69. Evans, P. (1997). “Development Strategies Across the Public Private Divide.” In Evans, P. (1997). State-Society Synergy: Government and Social Capital in Development. University of California International. ISBN: 97808577251941.
8	Is politics a hindrance to, or essential for planning?	Required Readings: Hoch, C. (1994). What Planners Do: Power, Politics, and Persuasion. American Planning Association. ISBN: 9780918286901.   Krumholz, N. (2011). Making Equity Planning Work: Leadership in the Public Sector. Temple University Press. – Ch 14. ISBN: 9780877227014.  Optional Readings: Natsios, A. (2011). “The Clash of the Counter-bureaucracy and Development.” Center for Global Development.  Brooks, M. P. (2002). “The Political Savvy Planner.” In Brooks, M. P. (2002). Planning Theory for Practitioners. Amer Planning Assn. ISBN: 9781884829598.  Sanyal, B. (2005). “Planning as Anticipation of Resistance.” Planning Theory, 4(3), 225-245.  Grindle, M. S., & Thomas, J. W. (1991). “Finding Room for Maneuver.” In Public Choices and Policy Change: The Political Economy of Reform in Developing Countries. JHU Press. P. 182–194.  ISBN: 9780801841569.
9	How do development professionals define what is ethical practice?	Required Readings Sanyal, B. (2002). “Globalization, Ethical Compromise and Planning Theory.” Planning Theory 1(2), 116-123.  Bazerman, M. H., & Tenbrunsel, A. E. (2011). Blind Spots: Why We Fail To Do What’s Right and What To Do About It. Princeton University Press. – Ch 2. ISBN: 9780691156224.  Optional Readings:  Giri, A. K., & van Ufford, P. Q. (Eds.). (2003). A Moral Critique of Development: In Search of Global Responsibilities. Routledge. – Ch 9. ISBN: 9780415276269.   Schwartz, B., & Sharpe, K. (2010). Practical Wisdom: The Right Way To Do the Right Thing. Penguin. – Ch. 3. ISBN: 9781594485435.   Gutmann, A., & Thompson, D. F. (2014). The Spirit of Compromise: Why Governing Demands It and Campaigning Undermines It. Princeton University Press. ISBN: 9780691160856.
10	Rigidity versus flexibility	Required Readings: Jain, P. S. (1996). “Managing Credit for the Rural Poor: Lessons from the Grameen Bank.” World Development, 24(1), 79-89. Tendler, J. (1997). Good Government in the Tropics. Johns Hopkins University Press. Ch. 6. ISBN: 9780801860928. Optional Readings Jain, P. S. (1994). “Managing for Success: Lessons from Asian Development Programs.” World Development, 22(9), 1363-1377. Brinkerhoff, D. W., & Ingle, M. D. (1989). “Integrating Blueprint and Process: A Structured Flexibility Approach to Development Management.” Public Administration and Development 9(5), 487-503. Graziano da Silva, J. F., Del Grossi, M. E., & de França, C. G. (2013). Fome Zero (Zero Hunger) Program. Ministry of Agrarian Development. Levy, S. (2007). “Progress Against Poverty: Sustaining Mexico’s Progresa-Oportunidades Program.” Brookings Institution Press.
11	Modes of evaluation: what is useful knowledge for practitioners?	Required Readings: Sabel, C. (1993). “Learning by Monitoring: The Institutions of Economic Development.” In Handbook of Economic Sociology, Edited by Neil Smelser and Richard Swedberg. Princeton: Princeton University Press. ISBN: 9780691121260. Hirschman, A. O. (2011). “Development Projects Observed.” Brookings Institution Press. – Ch. 5. Optional Readings:  Schwartz, B., & Sharpe, K. (2010). Practical Wisdom: The Rght Way To Do the Right Thing. Penguin. – Ch. 6. ISBN: 9781594485435.   Polanyi, M. (2009). The Tacit Dimension. University of Chicago Press. ISBN: 9780226672984.   Hoffman, L. M. (1989). The Politics of Knowledge: Activist Movements in Medicine and Planning. SUNY Press. 191–204. ISBN: 9780887069499.   Friedmann, J. (1987). Planning in the Public Domain: From Knowledge to Action. Princeton University Press. Appendix A. ISBN: 9780691022680.
12	The social construction of learning institutions	Required Readings: Sanyal, B., Vale, L. J., & Rosan, C. (2012). Planning Ideas That Matter: Livability, Territoriality, Governance, and Reflective Practice. MIT Press. – Ch. 12. ISBN: 9780262517683.   Argyris, C. (2004). Reasons and Rationalizations: The Limits to Organizational Knowledge: The Limits to Organizational Knowledge. Oxford University Press. – Ch. 7. ISBN: 9780199286829. Optional Readings:  Healey, P. (1997). Collaborative Planning: Shaping Places in Fragmented Societies. Palgrave Macmillan. – Ch. 9. ISBN: 9781403949202.   Stiglitz, J. E., & Greenwald, B. C. (2014). Creating a Learning Society: A New Approach to Growth, Development, and Social Progress. Columbia University Press. – Ch. 16. ISBN: 9780231175494.
13	Surety of purpose or humility of not knowing the answer?	Required Readings:  Gardner, H. (2006). Changing Minds: The Art and Science of Changing Our Own and Other People’s Minds. Harvard Business Review Press. – Ch. 9. ISBN: 9781422103296.   Lear, J. (1998). Open Minded: Working Out the Logic of the Soul. Harvard University Press. – Ch 3. ISBN: 9780674455344.  Optional Readings:  Schon, D. (1983). The Reflecive Practitioner: How Professionals Think in Action. Basic Books. Pg. 287–354. ISBN: 9780465068784. Forester, J. (2006). “Policy Analysis as Critical Listening.” The Oxford Handbook of Public Policy, 6, 124.