With rows of spectators behind them, four women with serious expressions on their faces sit behind microphones.

In 2023, university presidents Claudine Gay (Harvard), Elizabeth Magill (University of Pennsylvania), and Sally Kornbluth (M.I.T.), along with historian Pamela Nadell, testified at a congressional hearing about antisemitism on college campuses. (Image by the United States House Committee on Education and the Workforce. This image is in the public domain. Source: Wikimedia Commons.)