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Part 1: General Ocean Circulation
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1: Deep Circulation of the World Ocean, Bruce A. Warren, pp. 6-41
1.1 Introduction, p. 6
1.2 Historical Development of Ideas about the Deep Circulation, pp. 7-10
1.3 A Dynamical Framework, pp. 11-14
1.4 Sources of Deep Water, pp. 15-25
1.5 Deep Western Boundary Currents in the World Ocean, pp. 26-37
1.6 Why Is There a Deep Thermohaline Circulation At All?, pp. 38-39
Notes, pp. 40-41
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Chapter 1 - complete (PDF - 4.4MB)
Chapter 1 - sections:
1.1 - 1.4 (PDF - 2.6MB)
1.5 - Notes (PDF - 1.9MB)
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2: The Water Masses of the World Ocean: Some Results of a Fine-Scale Census, L.V. Worthington, pp. 42-69
2.1 Introduction, p. 42
2.2 Methods of Describing the Oceans, p. 43
2.3 The World Water Masses As They Exist in the Second Half of This Century, pp. 44-56
2.4 The Formation of Water Masses, pp. 57-59
Appendix: Census of World-Ocean Water Masses with Division by Bivariate (C x 0/00) Classes and Rank by Volume, pp. 60-69
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Chapter 2 - complete (PDF - 3.0MB)
Chapter 2 - sections:
2.1 - 2.3 (PDF - 1.9MB)
2.4 - Appendix (PDF - 1.2MB)
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3: On the Mid-Depth Circulation of the World Ocean, Joseph L. Reid, pp. 70-111
3.1 Introduction, p. 70
3.2 The Circulation of the Upper Waters and Their Contribution to the Mid-Depths, pp. 70-71
3.3 The Use of Geostrophy, pp. 72-73
3.4 The Mid-Depth Circulation of the Atlantic Ocean from Core Analysis and Vertical Geostrophic Shear, pp. 74-78
3.5 Studies of Total Transport and Layers, pp. 79-80
3.6 Mid-Depth Studies Using Isopycnal Analysis, pp. 81-84
3.7 Comparison of Relative Geostrophic Flow at Mid-Depth with Numerical Models of Transport, pp. 85-90
3.8 Mid-Depth Patterns in the World Ocean, pp. 91-108
3.9 Comparison of the Maps of Shear Field and Characteristics, p. 109
3.10 Conclusion, pp. 110-111
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Chapter 3 - complete (PDF - 5.0MB)
Chapter 3 - sections:
3.1 - 3.5 (PDF - 1.5MB)
3.6 - 3.10 (PDF - 3.6MB)
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4: The Gulf Stream System, N.P. Fofonoff, pp. 112-139
4.1 Introduction, p. 112
4.2 The Gulf Stream System, p. 113
4.3 The Florida Current, pp. 113-122
4.4 The Gulf Stream, pp. 123-132
4.5 The North Atlantic Current, pp. 133-136
4.6 Summary and Conclusions, pp. 137-139
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Chapter 4 - complete (PDF - 3.5MB)
Chapter 4 - sections:
4.1 - 4.3 (PDF - 1.6MB)
4.4 - 4.6 (PDF - 1.9MB)
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5: Dynamics of Large-Scale Ocean Circulation, George Veronis, pp. 140-183
5.1 Introduction and Summary, pp. 140-141
5.2 The Equations for Large-Scale Dynamics, pp. 142-143
5.3 The Quasi-Geostrophic Equations and the B-Plane, pp. 144-146
5.4 Ekman Layers, pp. 147-148
5.5 Steady Linear Models of the Wind-Driven Circulation, pp. 149-152
5.6 Preliminary Nonlinear Considerations, pp. 153-156
5.7 Why Does the Gulf Stream Leave the Coast?, p. 157
5.8 Thermohaline Circulation, pp. 158-163
5.9 Free Waves for a Constant-Depth Two-Layer Ocean on the B-Plane, p. 164
5.10 Effect of Bottom Topography on Quasi-Geostrophic Waves, pp. 165-168
5.11 Baroclinic Instability, pp. 169-173
5.12 Effect of Nonlinearity and Turbulence, pp. 174-182
Notes, p. 183
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Chapter 5 - complete (PDF - 5.0MB)
Chapter 5 - sections:
5.1 - 5.7 (PDF - 2.1MB)
5.8 - Notes (PDF - 3.0MB)
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6: Equatorial Currents: Observations and Theory, Ants Leetmaa, Julian P. McCreary, Jr., and Dennis W. Moore, pp. 184-197
6.1 Introduction, p. 184
6.2 Observations, pp. 185-187
6.3 Theories, pp. 188-194
6.4 Discussion, pp. 195-197
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Chapter 6 - complete (PDF - 1.5MB)
Chapter 6 - sections:
6.1 - 6.2 (PDF)
6.3 - 6.4 (PDF - 1.1MB)
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7: On Estuarine and Continental-Shelf Circulation in the Middle Atlantic Bight, Robert C. Beardsley and William C. Boicourt, pp. 198-235
7.1 Introduction, p. 198
7.2 Estuarine Circulation in the Middle Atlantic Bight, pp. 199-206
7.3 Continental-Shelf Circulation, pp. 207-229
Appendix: Annual Air-Sea Interaction Cycles and Mean Runoff for the Middle
Atlantic Bight, pp. 230-232
Notes, pp. 233-234
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Chapter 7 - complete (PDF - 4.4 MB)
Chapter 7 - sections:
7.1 - 7.3 (PDF - 4.1 MB)
Appendix - Notes (PDF)
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