Molecular Principles of Biomaterials

Readings

LEC #	TOPICS	READINGS
1	Overview of Course, Orientation to Current Approaches and Types of Molecularly-designed Biomaterials Biodegradable Polymeric Solids Chemistry and Physical Chemistry of Hydrolysis Links between Materials Structure and Hydrolysis Mechanisms
2	Biodegradable Polymeric Solids (cont.) Factors Controlling Polymer Degradation Rates Theory of Solid Polymer Erosion Tailoring Degradable Polymer Structure and Composition	von Burkersroda, F., L. Schedl, and A. Gopferich. “Why Degradable Polymers Undergo Surface Erosion or Bulk Erosion.” Biomaterials 23, no. 21 (November 2002): 4221-4231. Supplementary Readings Young, R. J., and P. A. Lovell, eds. “Structure.” Chapter 4 in Introduction to Polymers. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2000. 241-309. ISBN: 9780748757404.
3	Controlled Release Devices Types of Controlled Release Devices Degradable Materials in Controlled Release Devices Physical Chemistry Principles in Delivering Small Molecules vs. Proteins	Saltzman, W. Mark, and W. L. Olbricht. “Building Drug Delivery into Tissue Engineering.” Nat Rev Drug Discov 1, no. 3 (March 2002): 177-186. ———. “Drug Administration and Drug Effectiveness.” Chapter 2 in Drug Delivery: Engineering Principles for Drug Therapy (Topics in Chemical Engineering). New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2001. ISBN: 9780195085891.
4	Controlled Release Devices (cont.) Theory of Drug Release in Eroding Systems	Charlier, A., B. Leclerc, and G. Couarraze. “Release of Mifepristone from Biodegradable Matrices: Experimental and Theoretical Evaluations.” Int J Pharm 200, no. 1 (April 25, 2000): 115-20.
5	Case Studies in Complex Controlled Release Pulsatile Release from Programmed Eroding Systems Controlled Release Microchips Combining Drug Delivery with Tissue Engineering	Santini, J. T., Jr., A. C. Richards, R. Scheidt, M. J. Cima, and R. Langer. “Microchips as Controlled Drug-Delivery Devices.” Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 39, no. 14 (July 17, 2000): 2396-2407.
6	Hydrogels as Biomaterials Hydrogel Structure and Physical Chemistry Methods of Polymerization	Peppas, N. A., Y. Huang, M. Torres-Lugo, J. H. Ward, and J. Zhang. “Physicochemical Foundations and Structural Design of Hydrogels in Medicine and Biology.” Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2 (2000): 9-29.
7	Hydrogels as Biomaterials (cont.) Theory of Hydrogel Swelling Physical Hydrogels Ionic and Hydrogen Bonding in Gels Association of Amphiphilic Block Copolymers	Flory, Paul J. Principles of Polymer Chemistry. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1953, pp. 464-469 and pp. 576-581. ISBN: 9780801401343. Supplementary Readings ———. Principles of Polymer Chemistry. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1953, pp. 495-507. ISBN: 9780801401343.
8	Hydrogels as Biomaterials (cont.) Polyelectrolyte Hydrogels Coacervates Polyelectrolyte Multi-layers	Ron, E. S., and L. E. Bromberg. “Temperature-responsive Gels and Thermogelling Polymer Matrices for Protein and Peptide Delivery.” Adv Drug Deliv Rev 31 no. 3 (May 4, 1998): 197-221. Chandler, D. “Interfaces and the Driving Force of Hydrophobic Assembly.” Nature 437, no. 7059 (September 29, 2005): 640-647.
9	Hydrogels as Biomaterials (cont.) Theory of Polyelectrolyte Gel Swelling	De, S. K., N. R. Aluru, B. Johnson, W. C. Crone, D. J. Beebe, and J. Moore. “Equilibrium Swelling and Kinetics of pH-responsive Hydrogels: Models, Experiments, and Simulations.” Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems 11, no. 5 (October 2002): 544-555.
10	Hydrogels as Biomaterials (cont.) Applications of Hydrogels: Molecular Imprinting Applications of Hydrogels: Glucose-sensitive Drug Delivery Kinetics of Drug Diffusion through Hydrogels	Supplementary Readings Lustig, Steven R., and Nikolaos A. Peppas. “Solute Diffusion in Swollen Membranes. IX. Scaling Laws for Solute Diffusion in Gels.” Journal of Applied Polymer Science 36, no. 4 (August 5, 1988): 735-747. Canal, T., and N. A. Peppas. “Correlation between Mesh Size and Equilibrium Degree of Swelling of Polymeric Networks.” J Biomed Mater Res 23, no. 10 (October 1989): 1183-1193.
11	Engineering Biological Recognition of Biomaterials Biological Recognition in Vivo Protein-resistant and Cell-resistant Surfaces Engineering Recognition of Biomaterials: Adhesion and Migration	Hirano, Y., and D. J. Mooney. “Peptide and Protein Presenting Materials for Tissue Engineering.” Advanced Materials 16, no. 1, (January 2004): 17-25. Discher, D. E., P. Janmey, and Y. L. Wang. “Tissue Cells Feel and Respond to the Stiffness of their Substrate.” Science 310, no. 5751 (November 18, 2005): 1139-1143. Supplementary Readings Lodish, Harvey, Arnold Berk, Lawrence Zipursky, Paul Matsudaira, David Baltimore, and James Darnell, eds. “The Extracellular Matrix.” In Molecular Biology of the Cell. 4th ed. New York, NY: W.H. Freeman, October 1999, pp. 1124-1150. ISBN: 9780716737063.
	Exam 1
12	Engineering Biological Recognition of Biomaterials (cont.) Enzymatic Recognition of Biomaterials Cytokine Signaling from Biomaterials	Schense, J. C., J. Bloch, P. Aebischer, and J. A. Hubbell. “Enzymatic Incorporation of Bioactive Peptides into Fibrin Matrices Enhances Neurite Extension.” Nat Biotechnol 18, no. 4 (April 2000): 415-419.
13	Engineering Biological Recognition of Biomaterials (cont.) Mimicking Cell-cell Contacts with Surfaces
14	Bioceramics and Biocomposites Introduction to Biological Approaches to Biomineralization Interfacial Biomineralization	Mann, Stephen. Biomineralization: Principles and Concepts in Bioinorganic Materials Chemistry. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2002, chapter 3, pp. 24-37. ISBN: 9780198508823.
15	Bioceramics and Biocomposites (cont.) Biological Control of Mineralization within Vesicles Biomimetic Syntheses: Microemulsion and Micellar Reactions Organic Templating of Inorganic Biomaterials: Natural and Synthetic Approaches	Mann, Stephen. Biomineralization: Principles and Concepts in Bioinorganic Materials Chemistry. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2002, chapter 6, pp. 89-102. ISBN: 9780198508823. Supplementary Readings Allen, Samuel M., and Edwin L. Thomas. The Structure of Materials (MIT Series in Materials Science and Engineering). New York, NY: Wiley, 1999, pp. 135-138. ISBN: 9780471000822.
16	Bioceramics and Biocomposites (cont.) Theory of Controlled Nucleation Bone Structure and Bone Biomimesis Biocomposites in Device Applications and Drug Delivery	Vogel, Viola. “Reverse Engineering: Learning from Proteins How to Enhance the Performance of Synthetic Nanosystems.” MRS Bulletin 27, no. 12 (December 2002): 972-978.
17	Molecular Devices Molecular Switches via Proteins and ‘Smart’ Polymers Temperature, pH, and Light-sensitive Switches Molecular motors Kinesin-based Molecular Shuttles ATP Synthase-based Nano-rotors	Hammer, Daniel A., and Dennis E. Discher. “Synthetic Cells-Self-Assembling Polymer Membranes and Bioadhesive Colloids_.” _Annual Review of Materials Research 31 (August 2001): 387-404. Allen T. M., and P. R Cullis. “Drug Delivery Systems: Entering the Mainstream.” Science 303, no. 5665 (March 19, 2004): 1818-1822.
18	Nanoparticle and Microparticle Biomolecule Drug Carriers Pro-drugs, Micelles, Liposomes, Polymerosomes, Nanoparticles, and Microparticles Delivery of Drugs to Tissues via Systemic Circulation Materials for Anti-cancer Drug Delivery	Stolnik, S., L. Illum, and S. S. Davis. “Long Circulating Microparticulate Drug Carriers.” Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 16, no. 2 (September 1995): 195-214 (20). Supplementary Readings Halperin, A. “Polymer Brushes that Resist Adsorption of Model Proteins: Design Parameters.” Langmuir 15, no. 7 (1999): 2525-2533. Efremova, Nadezhda V., Bruce Bondurant, David F. O’Brien, and Deborah E. Leckband. “Measurements of Interbilayer Forces and Protein Adsorption on Uncharged Lipid Bilayers Displaying Poly(ethylene glycol) Chains.” Biochemistry 39 no. 12 (2000): 3441-3451.
19	Nanoparticle and Microparticle Biomolecule Drug Carriers (cont.) Barriers to Systemic / Oral Delivery and Delivery of Molecules to Tissues ‘Stealth’ Particles - Theory of Protein-resistant Particles Experimental Function of Long-circulating Carriers and PEGylated Compounds	Plotkin, Stanley A., Walter A. Orenstein, and Paul A. Offit. “The Immunology of Vaccination.” In Vaccines. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders, 2003, pp. 28-39. ISBN: 9780721696881. Abbas, Abul K., Andrew H. Lichtman, and Jordan S. Pober. “General Properties of Immune Responses.” In Cellular and Molecular Immunology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: W.B. Saunders Company, 2000. pp. 3-16. ISBN: 07216823323.
Focus Topic: Integrating Biological Knowledge Into Biomaterials Design For Vaccines
20	Basic Biology of Vaccination and Viral Infections Rudiments of Adaptive Immunity: The Basis of Vaccination Viral Infections	Raychaudhuri, S., and K. L. Rock. “Fully Mobilizing Host Defense: Building Better Vaccines.” Nat Biotechnol 16, no. 11 (November 1998): 1025-1031.
21	Basic Biology of Vaccination and Viral Infections (cont.) Vaccination Against Viruses: Parallels between Immunization and Infection	Wang, C., Q. Ge, D. Ting, D. Nguyen, H. R. Shen, J. Chen, H. N. Eisen, J. Heller, R. Langer, and D. Putnam. “Molecularly Engineered Poly (ortho ester) Microspheres for Enhanced Delivery of DNA Vaccines.” Nat Mater 3, no. 3 (March 2004): 190-196. (Epub: February 15, 2004).
22	Drug Targeting and Intracellular Drug Delivery for Vaccines Targeting Nano-carriers and Micro-carriers to Specific Cell Types Chemistry of Antibodies for Targeting Pathways of Intracellular Transport	Pack, D. W., A. S. Hoffman, S. Pun, and P. S. Stayton. “Design and Development of Polymers for Gene Delivery.” Nat Rev Drug Discov 4, no. 7 (July 2005): 581-593.
23	Drug Targeting and Intracellular Drug Delivery for Vaccines (cont.) Mechanisms of Intracellular Delivery Mimicking Viral Entry Strategies	Carter, P. “Improving the Efficacy of Antibody-based Cancer Therapies.” Nat Rev Cancer 1, no. 2 (November 2001): 118-129.
24	DNA Vaccines Gene Therapy and DNA Immunization Mechanisms of DNA Vaccines
25	DNA Vaccines (cont.) Delivery Systems for DNA Systemic vs. Local Delivery