5.111SC | Fall 2014 | Undergraduate

Principles of Chemical Science

Unit III: Thermodynamics & Chemical Equilibrium

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Using the description of the atom and of atomic properties from Unit I and using knowledge about bonding and molecular structure from Unit II, in Unit III we investigate how, why, and when molecules react with each other. Will they or Won’t they? That is the question that thermodynamics answers for us. Viewers of this unit will be introduced to Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy, and will learn the key to spontaneity. Most reactions are reversible and thus understanding chemical equilibrium is of the utmost importance. What will the ratio of products to reactants be at equilibrium? How can this ratio be manipulated by factors such as temperature or pressure? By the end of this unit, viewers will have the tools needed to work even the most challenging of chemical equilibrium problems, i.e. those that involve acids and bases. Viewers will be able to design a strategy for shifting the equilibrium of a reaction to make a desired product. They will have a working knowledge of thermodynamics and equilibrium such that they can apply that knowledge to other disciplines, and be ready to help solve real world problems like climate change and the development of new medical therapies.

Image excerpted from Lecture 15 Notes Lecture 15: Thermodynamics: Bond and Reaction Enthalpies

Image excerpted from Lecture 16 Notes Lecture 16: Thermodynamics: Gibbs Free Energy and Entropy

Image excerpted from Lecture 17 Notes Lecture 17: Thermodynamics: Now What Happens When You Heat It Up?

Image excerpted from Lecture 18 Notes Lecture 18: Introduction to Chemical Equilibrium

Image excerpted from Lecture 19 Notes Lecture 19: Chemical Equilibrium: Le Châtelier’s Principle

Image excerpted from Lecture 20 Notes Lecture 20: Solubility and Acid-Base Equilibrium

Image excerpted from Lecture 21 Notes Lecture 21: Acid-Base Equilibrium: Is MIT Water Safe to Drink?

Image excerpted from Lecture 22 Notes Lecture 22: Acid-Base Equilibrium: Salt Solutions and Buffers

Image excerpted from Lecture 23 Notes Lecture 23: Acid-Base Titrations Part I

Image excerpted from Lecture 24 Notes Lecture 24: Acid-Base Titrations Part II

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